Frequency signatured directly printable humidity sensing tag using organic electronics

In this paper chipless RFID tag, capable of carrying 9-bit data is presented. The tag is optimized for several flexible substrates. With growing information and communication technology, sensor integration with data transmission has gained significant attention. Therefore, the tag with the same dimension is then optimized using paper substrate. For different values of permittivity, the relative humidity is observed. Hence, besides carrying information bits, the tag is capable of monitoring and sensing the humidity. The overall dimension of the tag comprising of 9 ring slot resonators is 7 mm. Due to its optimization on the paper substrate, the tag can be an ideal choice for deploying in various low-cost sensing application

Directly printable compact chipless RFID tag for humidity sensing

In this letter, 8-bit paper based printable chipless tag is presented. The tag not only justifies the green electronic concept but also it is examined for sensing functionality. The compact tag structure comprises of seven L-shaped and one I-shaped dipole structure. These conducting tracks/dipole structures are of silver nano-particle based ink having a conductivity of 1.1 × 107 S/m. Each conducting track yields one bit corresponding to one peak. The tag design is optimized and analyzed for three different flexible substrates i.e. paper, Kapton® HN, and PET. The tag has ability to identify 28 = 256 objects, by using different binary combinations. The variation in length of particular conducting strip results in a shift of peak for that specific conducting track. This shift corresponds to logic state-1. The response of the tag for paper, Kapton® HN, and PET substrates is observed in the frequency band of 2.2–6.1 GHz, 2.4–6.3 GHz, and 2.5–6.5 GHz, respectively. The tag has an attractive nature because of its easy printability and usage of low-cost, flexible substrates. The tag can be deployed in various low-cost sensing applications

Dual-polarized chipless humidity sensor tag

In this letter, a miniaturized, flexible and high data dense dual-polarized chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) tag is presented. The tag is designed within a minuscule footprint of 29 × 29 mm2 and has the ability to encode 38-bit data. The tag is analyzed for flexible substrates including Kapton® HN DuPont™ and HP photopaper. The humidity sensing phenomenon is demonstrated by mapping the tag design, using silver nano-particle based conductive ink on HP photopaper substrate. It is observed that with the increasing moisture, the humidity sensing behavior is exhibited in RF range of 4.1–17.76 GHz. The low-cost, bendable and directly printable humidity sensor tag can be deployed in a number of intelligent tracking applications

A Miniaturized Wide Band Implantable Antenna for Biomedical Application

In this paper, a miniaturized high gain antenna was designed for biomedical applications. The designed antenna operates on the industrial, medical, and scientific(2.40 - 2.4835) GHz band. The proposed antenna consists of the radiating element having rectangular, and circular slots, and a ground plane with rectangular slots. The total volume of the designed antenna is (7x7xO.2) mm 3 , and the thickness of the superstrate and substrate is 0.1 mm. The Rogers ULTRALAM (e , = 2.9, tanD = 0.0025) material is used for substrate and superstrate. The proposed antenna is placed inside the different phantoms of the human body. The maximum gain achieved by the simulations of the proposed antenna is -12 dBi at 2.45 GHz. The designed antenna has better results than the antennas discussed in the literature in term of size, gain, and bandwidth

Image Local Features Description through Polynomial Approximation

This work introduces a novel local patch descriptor that remains invariant under varying conditions of orientation, viewpoint, scale, and illumination. The proposed descriptor incorporate polynomials of various degrees to approximate the local patch within the image. Before feature detection and approximation, the image micro-texture is eliminated through a guided image filter with the potential to preserve the edges of the objects. The rotation invariance is achieved by aligning the local patch around the Harris corner through the dominant orientation shift algorithm. Weighted threshold histogram equalization (WTHE) is employed to make the descriptor in-sensitive to illumination changes. The correlation coefficient is used instead of Euclidean distance to improve the matching accuracy. The proposed descriptor has been extensively evaluated on the Oxford's affine covariant regions dataset, and absolute and transition tilt dataset. The experimental results show that our proposed descriptor can categorize the feature with more distinctiveness in comparison to state-of-the-art descriptors. - 2013 IEEE.This work was supported by the Qatar National Library.Scopu

Low-rank multi-channel features for robust visual object tracking

Kernel correlation filters (KCF) demonstrate significant potential in visual object tracking by employing robust descriptors. Proper selection of color and texture features can provide robustness against appearance variations. However, the use of multiple descriptors would lead to a considerable feature dimension. In this paper, we propose a novel low-rank descriptor, that provides better precision and success rate in comparison to state-of-the-art trackers. We accomplished this by concatenating the magnitude component of the Overlapped Multi-oriented Tri-scale Local Binary Pattern (OMTLBP), Robustness-Driven Hybrid Descriptor (RDHD), Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HoG), and Color Naming (CN) features. We reduced the rank of our proposed multi-channel feature to diminish the computational complexity. We formulated the Support Vector Machine (SVM) model by utilizing the circulant matrix of our proposed feature vector in the kernel correlation filter. The use of discrete Fourier transform in the iterative learning of SVM reduced the computational complexity of our proposed visual tracking algorithm. Extensive experimental results on Visual Tracker Benchmark dataset show better accuracy in comparison to other state-of-the-art trackers

Ultra wideband antenna for future 5G

An ultra-wideband miniature antenna based on circular patch with circular slots has been presented for future generation mm-wave indoor wireless applications. The proposed miniature antenna is fed by probe feed and, the maximum realized gain and the total efficiency throughout the three bands are 7.7 dBi in an upper higher band and 97% in the lower band, respectively. This proposed antenna covers the seven bands (five bands are in the existing allocation to mobile, and the other two bands are to be considered for allocation) for 5G higher bands and lower band covers uplink Ku-band (14GHz - 14.5GHz) for satellite communication. The proposed antenna in ultra-wideband has the impedance bandwidth of 31.8 GHz and the fractional bandwidth of 60.61%

Robust and efficient EBG-backed wearable antenna for ISM applications

A structurally compact, semiflexible wearable antenna composed of a distinctively miniaturized electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure is presented in this work. Designed for body-centric applications in the 5.8 GHz band, the design draws heavily from a novel planar geometry realized on Rogers RT/duroid 5880 laminate with a compact physical footprint spanning lateral dimensions of 0.6 lambda 0 x 0.06 lambda 0. Incorporating a 2 x 2 EBG structure at the rear of the proposed design ensures sufficient isolation between the body and the antenna, doing away with the performance degradation associated with high permittivity of the tissue layer. The peculiar antenna geometry allows for reduced backward radiation and low specific absorption rate (SAR). With the inclusion of EBG, the gain of the antenna undergoes a considerable increase to 7.2 dBi with more than 95% reduction in SAR value. In addition, the front-to-back ratio also amplified to 13 dB. A rigorous analysis detailing the structural robustness is reported for varied bend angle configurations of the proposed antenna. To assess the suitability of the proposed design as a body-worn antenna, an experimental investigation is carried out on different parts of the body. Experimental findings are congruent with computationally obtained results, validating the applicability of the novel antenna structure for body-worn applications

5 × 5 MIMO Antennas for Future 5G mm-Wave Communication

A suggested MIMO antenna's goal is to function in one of the Federal Communication Commission's designated 5G spectral bands (FCC). Due to its propensity to handle both many inputs and numerous outputs, MIMO technology may effectively address issues with large amounts of transportation and high data rates. The overall dimension of a single-element antenna is 10 x 10 mm2, The proposed MIMO antenna design consists of twenty-five elements and the resonance frequency of each antenna element is 37 GHz. The maximum gain and directivity of an antenna are greater than 6 dB. For the designing and simulation of the proposed twenty-five element MIMO antennas is CST Studio Suite software. The proposed antenna will be a candidate for future mm-Wave communication applications in terms of compactness

A Low-Cost CPW-Fed Multiband Frequency Reconfigurable Antenna for Wireless Applications

A novel, cedar-shaped, coplanar waveguide-fed frequency reconfigurable antenna is proposed. The presented antenna uses low-cost FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. Four PIN diodes are inserted on the antenna surface to variate the current distribution and alter the resonant frequencies with different combinations of switches. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured for all states, and a good agreement is seen between measured and simulated results. This antenna resonates within the range of 2 GHz to 10 GHz, covering the major wireless applications of aviation service, wireless local area network (WLAN), worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), long distance radio telecommunications, and X-band satellite communication. The proposed antenna works resourcefully with reasonable gain, significant bandwidth, directivity, and reflection coefficient. The proposed multiband reconfigurable antenna will pave the way for future wireless communications including WLAN, WiMAX, and possibly fifth-generation (5G) communication